Gramática › Passive Voice in Past Tense
Past passive: frases afirmativas
600 ejercicios de huecos, 60 tests de diez
Was o were, y después la tercera forma del verbo.
Practica esta forma
Cargando…
Preparando tu primera pregunta.
La estructura
Was o were, y después la tercera forma:
The prize was presented by the mayor.
Dónde se producen los fallos
Casi todos los errores de este tiempo son el mismo: se usa la forma de pasado en lugar de la tercera forma. Las dos son idénticas en los verbos regulares, y por eso el problema solo aparece con los irregulares.
was wrote → was written was took → was taken was broke → was broken
Si el verbo es irregular, mira la tercera columna de la tabla antes de escribir.
Fechas y la construcción con by
Las frases de historia suelen llevar las dos cosas:
The cathedral was completed in 1248. The music was written by a student.
Contar lo que se dijo
Un grupo de verbos es casi siempre pasivo en este uso:
It was reported that… He was said to be… The company was thought to be profitable.
Dónde se tuerce para un hispanohablante
El español distingue bien «escribió» de «escrito», así que la idea de participio está clara. Lo que no está claro es qué participio le toca a cada verbo inglés, porque la lista hay que aprenderla igual que en español se aprende «frito» o «impreso».
Y hay una tentación de añadir -ed al participio irregular: was borned, was stolen → was stoled. En inglés los irregulares no llevan nunca terminación.
Todas las formas
| Verbo | Pasado | Tercera forma — la que pide la pasiva |
|---|---|---|
| write | wrote | written |
| take | took | taken |
| build | built | built |
| break | broke | broken |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| find | found | found |
Ejemplos
Tomados de las 600 frases de este ejercicio. La respuesta va resaltada.
- The report was written by the research team in my grandfather's time.
- The dress was designed by a renowned fashion designer.
- The machine was repaired in the workshop last fall.
- The delicious meal was prepared by a professional chef.
- The program was created by the software developer.
- The parcel was delivered to the office last Tuesday.
- The price was fixed by the head office in the old days.
- The valuable painting was painted by a renowned artist.
- The project was completed by the team of engineers.
- The song was performed by the school choir in my grandfather's time.
- The photograph was taken by a professional photographer.
- The article was published in a monthly journal during the renovation.
Errores que evitar
Incorrecto: The letter was wrote by hand. correcto: The letter was written by hand.
Wrote es el pasado. La pasiva necesita la tercera forma, written.
Incorrecto: The car was stole last night. correcto: The car was stolen last night.
La tercera forma de steal es stolen.