Gramática › Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present perfect continuous: preguntas con wh-
640 ejercicios de huecos, 64 tests de diez
Primero la palabra interrogativa, después have o has, después el sujeto, después been y la forma en -ing.
Practica esta forma
Cargando…
Preparando tu primera pregunta.
El orden habitual
Cinco huecos: palabra interrogativa — have o has — sujeto — been — la forma en -ing.
Why has she been crying?
How long es la pregunta para la que existe este tiempo
How long have you been learning English?
La respuesta lleva for con una duración o since con un punto de partida: For two years / Since school.
Compáralo con How long did you learn English?, que pregunta por un periodo terminado.
Cuando who es el sujeto
No hay intercambio, porque no hay otro sujeto, y el resultado es una pregunta que a menudo lleva una acusación dentro:
- Who has been using my mug?
- What has been making that noise?
Compáralo con Who has he been calling? — ahí quien llama es he, así que vuelve el orden normal.
What have you been doing
Preguntado sobre los últimos días en general, es interés amable. Preguntado mirando un estropicio, no lo es. El tiempo es el mismo; el tono lo pone la situación.
Dónde se tuerce para un hispanohablante
«¿Cuánto tiempo llevas aquí?» es la pregunta estrella de este tiempo, y el calco no funciona: ni How much time you have here? ni How long are you here? Es How long have you been here?
Y conviene separarla de How long did you live there?: en español «¿cuánto tiempo viviste allí?» frente a «¿cuánto tiempo llevas viviendo allí?» marca la misma diferencia — terminado o en marcha.
Todas las formas
| Palabra interrogativa | Ejemplo | Pregunta por |
|---|---|---|
| How long | How long have you been waiting? | la duración |
| What | What have you been doing? | la actividad |
| Where | Where has she been staying? | el lugar |
| Why | Why have they been arguing? | el motivo |
| Who | Who has been using my desk? | la persona — ver abajo |
Ejemplos
Tomados de las 640 frases de este ejercicio. La respuesta va resaltada.
- What have you been doing to make yourself feel better?
- How many hours has she been working at the office?
- What has she been doing on her phone all night?
- Why have they been working this project for so long?
- How long have you been playing this musical instrument?
- Where have they been going for the past few days?
- Why has he been playing his guitar so often these days?
- How many times has she been going to the gym this week?
- Who have you been talking to on the phone just now?
- What have you been studying for the past few hours?
- Why has she been reading the same book for weeks?
- What have you been waiting in the park for so long?
Errores que evitar
Incorrecto: How long you have been waiting? correcto: How long have you been waiting?
El auxiliar va delante del sujeto.
Incorrecto: How long are you waiting? correcto: How long have you been waiting?
La espera empezó antes y sigue.
Incorrecto: Who has been he calling? correcto: Who has he been calling?
Aquí who es el objeto, así que el sujeto he conserva su sitio normal.