Грамматика английского › Adverbs
Наречия частоты
450 упражнений с пропусками, 45 тестов по десять
Они отвечают на вопрос «как часто». Место у них закреплённое: перед смысловым глаголом, но после глагола to be.
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Сейчас будет первый вопрос.
Правило места
Три случая, и они покрывают всё:
- перед смысловым глаголом: She often forgets.
- после глагола to be: She is often late.
- между вспомогательным и смысловым: She has often been late. I will never forget.
Те, что могут двигаться
Sometimes, usually, normally, often и occasionally могут встать и в начало, и в конец:
Sometimes I walk to work. / I walk to work sometimes.
Always и never так не умеют. Never I go и I go always неверны оба.
never само по себе отрицание
Не добавляйте второе:
I never eat meat. ✓ I don’t never eat meat. ✗
То же с rarely, seldom и hardly ever.
Если частота точная
Для точной частоты берут оборот, а не наречие, и ставят его в конец:
twice a week, every morning, three times a month, once in a while
I go to the gym three times a week.
Как спросить
How often do you…? берёт схему с do, потому что это обычные глаголы:
How often do you travel? — Twice a year.
Все формы
| Как часто | Наречие |
|---|---|
| 100% | always |
| около 90% | usually, normally |
| около 70% | often, frequently |
| около 50% | sometimes |
| около 30% | occasionally |
| около 10% | rarely, seldom, hardly ever |
| 0% | never |
Примеры
Взяты из 450 предложений этого упражнения. Ответ выделен.
- The rooms are always ready by noon; that has been true for twenty years.
- The cat never sleeps on the windowsill, not even during the strike.
- My cousin often washes the car by hand; it happens most weeks of the year.
- The ferry sometimes runs after dark, perhaps once or twice a month.
- Our team usually trains in the rain, about four days out of five.
- The kettle rarely boils over, maybe twice a year at most.
- The office is hardly ever warm enough, perhaps twice since we moved here.
- The gardener seldom burns the dry leaves, once every few years at best.
- The cleaner frequently polishes the brass handles; it happens most weeks of the year.
- He occasionally answers his email before noon, just a few times each summer.
- My father always locks the garden gate at night; that has been true for twenty years.
- The cleaner never polishes the brass handles, not even during the strike.
Ошибки, которых стоит избегать
Неверно: I go never to the theater. верно: I never go to the theater.
Наречия частоты идут перед смысловым глаголом.
Неверно: She is often not late. верно: She is often late.
После be наречие идёт за глаголом — а never и само по себе отрицание.
Неверно: I don't never eat meat. верно: I never eat meat.
Английский не берёт два отрицания сразу.