Грамматика английского › Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous: отрицательные предложения
560 упражнений с пропусками, 56 тестов по десять
Not идёт после had, перед been.
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Схема
Not вставляется после had:
He had not been listening. → He hadn’t been listening.
Порядок не меняется никогда: had, not, been, -ing.
Объяснение, что пошло не так
Отрицание обычно поставляет причину, по которой прошлое дело кончилось плохо:
He failed because he hadn’t been revising. The engine seized — nobody had been checking the oil.
С причиной осторожно
Отрицание переворачивает логику утверждения, и легко написать предложение, которое само себе противоречит. He was exhausted because he hadn’t been working осмысленно только если его утомило что-то другое. Если сомневаетесь, прочтите предложение целиком: действительно ли названная причина даёт этот итог?
For long, in ages
Естественные спутники отрицания:
They hadn’t been speaking for long when the argument started. I hadn’t been sleeping properly in ages.
Все формы
| Подлежащее | Полная форма | Краткая форма |
|---|---|---|
| любое подлежащее | had not been working | hadn't been working |
Примеры
Взяты из 560 предложений этого упражнения. Ответ выделен.
- The kids hadn't been playing all day, so they weren't tired.
- The students hadn't been studying for the test, so they didn't pass.
- He hadn't been going to the same cafe for months, but he found a new favorite spot.
- By the time I arrived, they hadn't been waiting for five hours.
- The dog hadn't been running in the backyard all day, and it was full of energy.
- She was frustrated because her computer hadn't been working properly all day long.
- She told me the company hadn't been doing well lately, so they had to reduce their expenses.
- He hadn't been practicing his guitar every day, but he picked it up again last week.
- I hadn't been sleeping well, so the doctor was not surprised.
- He was disappointed because he hadn't been making progress in his studies.
- He hadn't been watching his favorite TV show lately because of his busy schedule.
- We hadn't been driving for hours, so we didn't need to find a restaurant.
Ошибки, которых стоит избегать
Неверно: She didn't had been working. верно: She hadn't been working.
Это время строит отрицание само. Did не появляется никогда.
Неверно: I hadn't been knowing about it. верно: I hadn't known about it.
Know — глагол состояния, поэтому нужен простой Past Perfect.